Smart city. 

What is the meaning of smart city? 

A city that uses information and communication technologies to make its infrastructure and public services more efficient. A city can be considered "smart" when sustainable economic development and a high quality of life are promoted by government and citizens. In addition, the government manages resources wisely.

The quality of life of citizens in these cities is significantly better than in a normal city. The main innovation in these cities is that they are user-centred, they are based on the needs of the citizen

 “It is about involving citizens in the management of the city.”

Of particular interest is the use of the "internet of things". The aim is to achieve a high quality of life for citizens in an efficient and sustainable way.

Today's cities occupy 2% of the earth's surface and are responsible for 80% of CO2 emissions → It is very necessary to promote a transformation of cities to obtain a better use of renewable resources, reducing wastes and safeguarding the environment.

An eco-sustainable vision has to be at the basis of the organisation of the city. This is about satisfy the needs of today without compromising future generations.

The eco-sustainable approach has to be applied in several aspects, from mobility to energy acquisition.

This cities proposes the adoption of the Smart Energy Grid technology to improve

the energy distribution. This smart city proposes to have energy exchange between small producers and transactions regulated by a blockchain. 

The proposed architecture is actually based in MICROGRIDS

Smart city can be described by 6 fundamental pillars:

• Smart Economy (competitiveness): 

• Smart People (Social and Human Capital)

• Smart Governance (Participation)

• Smart Mobility (Transport and ICT:information and communication technology)

• Smart Environment (Natural resources)

• Smart Living (Quality of Life)

A Smart City must: 

• Be attractive and friendly towards the new business realitie

• Promote social inclusion

• Invest in high technology-based instruments and in the educational process finalized to create high skilled profiles.

Smart Energy Grids

With Greeneum we promote new methodologies to produce and conserve energy (accumulators and renewables resources), have enabled the diffusion of a new concept in the energy field: Smart Energy Grids (SEGs). The SEGs are composed of high-tech systems capable of improving the quality of services for consumers, guaranteeing quality of services, guaranteeing the needs of consumers, minimising costs, waste of resources and environmental impact.

To achieve this, it requires network automation and smartness and, consequently, a massive use of techniques related to the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI).

MicroGrid is an intelligent network able to maximize the use of renewable energy resources and, at the same time, able to satisfy the energy demand from consumers. MicroGrid does not necessarily have a significant geographical extension. Indeed, it may be considered as a simplex home configuration where there is: a photovoltaic production, a storage device and a series of users such as household appliances. 

In the traditional power grids, power is generally carried from a few central generators to a large number of users or customers. In contrast, smart grid uses two-way flows of electricity and information to create an automated and distributed advanced energy delivery network that is clean, safe, secure, reliable, resilient, efficient, and sustainable.

SEG (Smart Energy Grid) is based on bi-dectional flow of electricity and information. This technology incorporates real-time information delivery to create an almost instantaneous balance between supply and demand.

This new system implies new features: 

• The integration heterogeneous electrical generation

• The growth of small energy producers, who generate energy at home. Enabling them to offer their energy on the electricity market.

• The possibility of real-time monitoring

In addition, SEGs can play an important role in several contexts as the global warming, the increasing of Energy request and the diffusion of electrical cars.

A major problem with traditional electricity grids is that it is very difficult to incorporate renewable energy generation. So more and more conventional energy generation is growing and renewable energy producers have no chance to grow. Renewable energy production is highly volatile and real-time information and forecasts of resource availability are needed to balance supply and demand.

What is a microgrid?

Micro grids are a set of micro-sources and loads that are all connected to a single controllable system. Microgrid provides power to its local area. They can generate power from both renewable and conventional. MicroGrids are controlled through a MicroGrid controller incorporating demand-response so that demand can be matched to available supply in the safest and most optimized manner.

This is a great advantage as it is easier to combine both types of power generation, while in the conventional system it becomes very complex and incorporating renewable energy sources.

The core of MicroGrids is the Microsource corollers. This device must be able to perform several operations:

• Control of Real and Reactive Power

• Voltage regulation through droop

• Frequency droop for power sharing

All devices that are part of the microgrid must be connected to the same equipment.This makes it easier to control and analyse them. The use of software is very useful. With this software it is possible to obtain real time information from all the devices that are linked to it. Greeneum offers a data analysis service, that is, the implementation of a software that allows you to control all the devices that are part of your microgrid. In this way we can have more accurate information about how the devices are working and thus obtain certainty about the amount of energy generated. By subscribing and counting the green energy generated you get rewards, these rewards allow you to enter our marketplace to get discounts on the purchase of devices to grow your microgrid. The marketplace features a variety of useful devices to make any energy network more efficient, from solar panels to wind turbines. 

In this way, by generating energy while caring for the environment, you can enter a circle of continuous growth, the more green energy you generate, the more rewards you get, and these allow you to keep growing.